LIBRARY
Policy Notes
Reporting and Regulation
- The First 100 Days of TSRS Compliance
- GRI, ESRS, and TSRS: Differences, Overlaps, and Alignment Strategy
- What Is Double Materiality? What Is It Not?
- Corporate Carbon Footprint Calculations: Which Method, When?
Sector-Specific and Practical Guidance
- Green Transformation Guide for SMEs: Where to Begin?
- Supply Chains and ESG: What Should Small Suppliers Do?
- Impacts of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) on Energy-Intensive Sectors
Cross-Cutting Themes
- How Should Gender and Inequality Data Be Presented in Sustainability Reporting?
- Disaster Resilience and Corporate Preparedness: Is It Possible to Include in Reporting?
- Alternative Methods for Institutions Facing Data Collection Challenges
Guides
Sustainability reporting is a strategic process through which companies measure and transparently disclose their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) impacts. Standards in this field are rapidly evolving and serve as guidance through both regulatory frameworks and private sector guidelines. Below, we have compiled prominent national and international guides, frameworks, and practical examples for you.
International Reporting Standards and Frameworks
GRI (Global Reporting Initiative)
The most widely used sustainability reporting standard.
IFRS S1 ve S2 (ISSB)
The new global sustainability financial reporting framework.
CSRD (EU)
The European Union’s mandatory sustainability reporting regulation.
CDP (Carbon Disclosure Project)
A transparency system for environmental areas such as carbon, water, and forests.
EcoVadis Assessment System
A platform focused on ESG assessments across the supply chain.
TCFD
A guide for the financial disclosure of climate-related risks.
Reports and Guides from Professional Service Firms
EY (Ernst & Young)
A practical EY publication offering valuable recommendations for those new to sustainability reporting.
McKinsey & Company
Striking analyses on the relationship between ESG investments and company valuation.
KPMG
Global reporting trends, sector-specific comparisons, and key recommendations.
PwC (PricewaterhouseCoopers)
The importance of digitalization in CSRD compliance and ESG reporting.
Frequently Asked Questions
Whether it is mandatory depends on the sector, company size, public status, and regulatory framework. In Turkey, the TSRS 1 and 2 standards published by the Public Oversight Authority (KGK) have been mandatory for certain large companies since 2024. In the EU, it is a legal requirement for large enterprises under the CSRD framework.
GRI is the most widely used voluntary reporting framework globally and focuses on measuring corporate impacts (environmental, social). TSRS (Turkish Sustainability Reporting Standards), on the other hand, defines legal obligations in Turkey and offers an auditable structure integrated with the financial system.
No, but they are related. ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) is a set of criteria typically used by investors to evaluate a company’s performance. Sustainability reporting, on the other hand, is the process and documentation through which a company publicly discloses its performance based on these ESG criteria.
Both are important indicators of credibility and transparency, especially in global supply chains. EcoVadis scores overall ESG performance, while CDP focuses specifically on environmental data such as climate change, water, and forests. Achieving a strong score provides a competitive advantage and facilitates access to green financing.